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Vitamin D: Hypertension Among African-Americans

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By: Sean Moloughney

Editor, Nutraceuticals World

Nutraceutical: Vitamin D

Indication: Hypertension Among African-Americans

Source: Hypertension (American Heart Association journal) 2013; 61: 779-785

Research: African-Americans have significantly higher rates of hypertension than Caucasians, and lower circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. There are few data about the effect of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplementation on blood pressure in African-Americans. During two winters from 2008 to 2010, 283 African-Americans (median age 51 years) were randomized into a 4-arm, double-blind trial for 3 months of placebo, 1,000, 2,000 or 4,000 international units (IU) of cholecalciferol per day. At baseline, 3 months and 6 months, systolic and diastolic pressure and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were measured. The 3-month follow-up was completed in 250 (88%) participants.

Results: The difference in systolic pressure between baseline and 3 months was +1.7 mm Hg for those receiving placebo, −0.66 mm Hg for 1,000 IU/day, −3.4 mm Hg for 2,000 IU/day and −4.0 mm Hg for 4,000 IU/day of cholecalciferol (−1.4 mm Hg for each additional 1,000 IU/day of cholecalciferol; P=0.04). For each 1-ng/mL increase in plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, there was a significant 0.2-mm Hg reduction in systolic pressure (P = 0.02). There was no effect of cholecalciferol supplementation on diastolic pressure (P = 0.37). Within an unselected population of African-Americans, 3 months of oral vitamin D3 supplementation significantly, yet modestly, lowered systolic pressure, researchers said. Future trials of vitamin D supplementation on blood pressure are needed to confirm these promising results, particularly among African-Americans, a population for whom vitamin D deficiency may play a more specific mechanistic role in the pathogenesis of hypertension.

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